Geographic coordinates  30 00 N, 70 00 E

Area  total:803,940 sq km
land:778,720 sq km
water:25,220 sq km

Land boundaries  total:6,774 km
border countries:Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km, India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km

Coastline  1,046 km

Maritime claims  contiguous zone:24 nm
continental shelf:200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
territorial sea:12 nm

Climate  mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north

Terrain  flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west

Elevation extremes  lowest point:Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m

Natural resources  land, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone

Land use  arable land:27%
permanent crops:1%
permanent pastures:6%
forests and woodland:5%
other:61% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land  171,100 sq km (1993 est.)

Natural hazards  frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)

Environment - current issues  water pollution from raw sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff; limited natural fresh water resources; a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification

Environment - international agreements 
party to:Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:Marine Life Conservation

Geography - note  controls Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass, traditional invasion routes between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent